“We are not always allies, but we both agree the concentration of market power in our supermarket sector is producing poor outcomes and putting strain on New Zealand households. Both consumers and suppliers are being held to ransom by the duopoly of Foodstuffs and Woolworths NZ,” Consumer NZ chief executive Jon Duffy said.

Analysis of Stats NZ data show the cost of an average shop for a typical household equates to 15-20% of income for median or lower income earners.

“The general consensus is that grocery expenditure should sit between 5-15% of total household income. What we’re hearing from many New Zealanders is that they’re having to spend too much of their weekly pay packet to keep themselves fed. Whatever way you slice it, the cost of groceries keeps going up and the duopoly’s profits are persistently high. Each year households are getting squeezed further,” Duffy said.

Consumer NZ’s Sentiment Tracker found concerns about the cost of food and groceries have climbed in the past few months with grocery cost concerns ahead of those about fuel, healthcare, energy, insurance and phone bills. Concerns about food prices come in second to rent and mortgage costs.

“Supermarkets are crucial to our communities and economy – but the duopoly are bullying suppliers, even large ones, and consumers are worse off in terms of price paid at the checkout, choice and innovation. With the lack of any real competition between the two supermarket chains, they’ve been able to maintain staggering profit margins which are not enjoyed anywhere else in the world,” New Zealand Food & Grocery Council chief executive Katherine Rich said.

Consumer NZ and the Food & Grocery Council are calling for the following changes to benefit consumers and suppliers:

• A mandatory Code of Conduct for supermarkets to govern dealings between suppliers and supermarkets, address the power imbalance and make business relationships fairer. Similar codes are already in place in Australia and the UK.
• An increased role for the Commerce Commission including monitoring retail prices and store margins, setting consumer information standards to require unit pricing and prevent confusing pricing and promotional strategies, and limiting the adverse effects of loyalty programmes.
• Prohibiting restrictive land covenants and exclusivity covenants entered into for anticompetitive reasons, with immediate effect on existing covenants.
• The right for suppliers to bargain collectively to redress the power imbalance between suppliers and supermarkets.
• Increasing wholesale access to a wide range of groceries at competitive prices.
• If the commission is not satisfied that increasing wholesale access will work either now or in the future, then full enforced structural separation between wholesale and retail and/or compulsory divestment of a significant proportion of supermarkets to arm’s length third parties.

Notes on data:

Household expenditure data from the Stats NZ Household Economic Survey (HES) 2019.

The 2021 average household weekly food expenditure is based on the average change to the household’s weekly food expenditure in each of the previous four HES surveys (2010 to 2019). This average change to the household’s weekly food expenditure was applied to 2019 household average weekly food expenditure. Income data from Stats NZ Labour Market statistics June 2021 and Employment New Zealand minimum wage rates, April 2021.

Income data from Stats NZ Labour Market statistics June 2021 and Employment New Zealand minimum wage rates.

Recommendations on the percentage of an income a household should spend on groceries can be found here.